Teófilo Castillo (1857–1922) was a Peruvian artist, photographer, and teacher known primarily for his landscape paintings of Peruvian sites, such as the Templo del Sol in Cusco, the Andes mountain range in Áncash, and the Huascarán. While living in Argentina with his wife, Castillo pursued photography, and later returned to Lima in 1906 to teach painting, and work as an art critic. His paintings are often distinguished by their inclusion of precise architectural details. In 1920 Castillo founded the newspaper, Sol y Nieve, in Tucumán, Argentina. Arthur [Arturo] Posnansky (1873–1946) (referred to as Arthur Posnanski in Castillo’s article) was an Austrian explorer, engineer, ship navigator, amateur archaeologist, and entrepreneur who moved from Austria to South America in 1896 at the age of twenty-three. After participating on expeditions down the Amazon, Posnansky began his own Amazon river navigation company. During the Bolivian Acre Campaign in Brazil (1900–1) Posnansky rescued Bolivian members of the Acre garrison in Brazil and was captured by Brazilian forces, after which he fled to Europe. When Posnansky returned to Bolivia, he explored the Peruvian and Bolivian highlands, gave lectures, and published studies of his archaeological findings. His most important book, Tiahuanacu, the Cradle of American Man, was a multivolume work on the ruins of Tiahuanacu in Bolivia. The book included photographs and observations that have become an important record for later archaeological studies. Posnansky constructed a replica of the semisubterranean temple of Tiahuanacu in a plaza in Bolivia and also constructed his home in a neo-Tiahuanacan style. This home, the “Palacio Posnanski,” was later converted into a museum and library to display Posnansky’s findings. Teófilo Castillo’s article, "América monumental. El Palacio Posnanski de La Paz," published in 1918, reflects the growing interest among Latin American artists, architects, and intellectuals in incorporating indigenous architectural heritage, which was coming to light through archaeological investigations, [and was being introduced] into modern architectural constructions.